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A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function

Received: 16 October 2021     Accepted: 9 November 2021     Published: 12 November 2021
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Abstract

Objective Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a pulmonary fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans infection, the clinical manifestations are pneumonia or pulmonary nodules, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases. But its clinical manifestations lack specificity, so it is often misdiagnosed or missed in recent years. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-associated immunosuppression, it has been found that pulmonary cryptococcosis is also common in people with sound immune function. The purpose of this paper is to report the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and reduce the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of the disease. Methods The diagnosis and treatment process of a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital were reviewed. Results Combined with the patient's lung CT Imaging manifestations, and environmental exposure history and immune status, pulmonary cryptococcosis was considered. After empirical anti-cryptococcosis treatment, the patient's symptoms improved, and pulmonary nodules disappeared according to lung CT review. Conclusion Clinicians should identify the imaging characteristics of patients with cryptococcus pneumonicum and combine them with their environmental exposure history and immune status to avoid missed diagnosis and delayed disease.

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11
Page(s) 157-161
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis, Immune Function, Case Report, Diagnosis by CT

References
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[2] Wang RY, Chen YQ, Wu JQ, et al. Cryptococcosis in patients with hematological diseases: a 14-year retrospective clinical analysis in a Chinese tertiary hospital. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17: 463.
[3] Editorial board of Chinese Journal of mycology. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of cryptococcal infection. Chinese J mycol 2010; 5 (2): 65-68.
[4] Chen J, Varma A, Diaz MR, et al. Cryptococcus neoformans strains and infection in apparently immunocompetent patients, China. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14 (5): 755-762.
[5] Shi LH, Li YZ, Zhao XP, et al. Clinical analysis of 14 cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis in non-immunosuppressed hosts in tropical areas. Clin J Nosocomial 2020; 30 (20): 3108-3112.
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[7] Sui X, Huang Y, Song W, et al. Clinical features of pulmonary cryptococcosis in thin-section CT in immunocompetent and non-AIDS immunocompromised patients. Radiol Med 2020; 125 (1): 31-38.
[8] Wu F, Hua CS, Zhang CD, et al. Pulmonary cryptococcosis suspected as lung cancer: clinical investigation of 21 cases. Chin J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 36 (6): 346-350.
[9] Chen L, Yang J, Hu LQ, et al. Comparison study of CT imaging features between solitary nodular pulmonary cryptococcosis and lung cancer misdiagnosed as lung cancer. Zhejiang Med 2020; 42 (22): 2467-2469.
[10] Che SY, Zhang GQ, Jiang YN, et al. CT imaging of pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients with non-acquired immunodeficiency. The Journal of Practical Medicine 2019; (17): 2831-2834.
[11] Wang QZ. Analysis of the effect of perioperative parenteral nutrition support and nursing intervention for colorectal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes new world 2019; 22 (13): 131-132.
[12] He Q, Ding Y, Zhou W, et al. Clinical features of pulmonary cryptococcosis among patients with different levels of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte counts. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17 (1): 768.
[13] Lai TF, Zhu ZQ, Lin YL, et al. Study on the correlation between clinical features and chest CT findings of pulmonary cryptococcosis. J Pract Radiol 2020; 36 (6): 897-900.
[14] Zhu T, Luo WT, Chen GH, et al. Extent of Lung Involvement and Serum Cryptococcal Antigen Test in Non-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Adult Patients with Pulmonary Cryptococcosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131 (18): 2210-2215.
[15] Setianingrum F, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Denning DW. Pulmonary cryptococcosis: A review of pathobiology and clinical aspects. Med Mycol 2019; 57 (2): 133-150.
[16] Liang L, Cong P, Wang Y, et al. Clinical and Radiological Features of Patients With Pulmonary Cryptococcosis in a Hospital of North China. Cureus 2020; 12 (5): e8061.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Xiuzhi Shi, Hua Ke, Jie Liu, Xiaohong Cao. (2021). A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function. American Journal of Life Sciences, 9(6), 157-161. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11

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    ACS Style

    Xiuzhi Shi; Hua Ke; Jie Liu; Xiaohong Cao. A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function. Am. J. Life Sci. 2021, 9(6), 157-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11

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    AMA Style

    Xiuzhi Shi, Hua Ke, Jie Liu, Xiaohong Cao. A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function. Am J Life Sci. 2021;9(6):157-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11,
      author = {Xiuzhi Shi and Hua Ke and Jie Liu and Xiaohong Cao},
      title = {A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {9},
      number = {6},
      pages = {157-161},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20210906.11},
      abstract = {Objective Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a pulmonary fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans infection, the clinical manifestations are pneumonia or pulmonary nodules, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases. But its clinical manifestations lack specificity, so it is often misdiagnosed or missed in recent years. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-associated immunosuppression, it has been found that pulmonary cryptococcosis is also common in people with sound immune function. The purpose of this paper is to report the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and reduce the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of the disease. Methods The diagnosis and treatment process of a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital were reviewed. Results Combined with the patient's lung CT Imaging manifestations, and environmental exposure history and immune status, pulmonary cryptococcosis was considered. After empirical anti-cryptococcosis treatment, the patient's symptoms improved, and pulmonary nodules disappeared according to lung CT review. Conclusion Clinicians should identify the imaging characteristics of patients with cryptococcus pneumonicum and combine them with their environmental exposure history and immune status to avoid missed diagnosis and delayed disease.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Case of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis with Normal Immune Function
    AU  - Xiuzhi Shi
    AU  - Hua Ke
    AU  - Jie Liu
    AU  - Xiaohong Cao
    Y1  - 2021/11/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11
    T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    SP  - 157
    EP  - 161
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20210906.11
    AB  - Objective Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a pulmonary fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans infection, the clinical manifestations are pneumonia or pulmonary nodules, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases. But its clinical manifestations lack specificity, so it is often misdiagnosed or missed in recent years. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-associated immunosuppression, it has been found that pulmonary cryptococcosis is also common in people with sound immune function. The purpose of this paper is to report the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and reduce the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of the disease. Methods The diagnosis and treatment process of a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in our hospital were reviewed. Results Combined with the patient's lung CT Imaging manifestations, and environmental exposure history and immune status, pulmonary cryptococcosis was considered. After empirical anti-cryptococcosis treatment, the patient's symptoms improved, and pulmonary nodules disappeared according to lung CT review. Conclusion Clinicians should identify the imaging characteristics of patients with cryptococcus pneumonicum and combine them with their environmental exposure history and immune status to avoid missed diagnosis and delayed disease.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China

  • Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China

  • Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China

  • Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China

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