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Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management

Received: 14 February 2015     Accepted: 25 February 2015     Published: 3 March 2015
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Abstract

The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
Page(s) 85-92
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Loranthus globosus, SGOT and SGPT, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging, JNK Phosphorylation, Formalin

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. (2015). Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. American Journal of Life Sciences, 3(2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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    ACS Style

    Alpana Khatun; Md Masud Rana; Md Rafiqul Islam Khan; Mir Imam Ibne Wahed; Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am. J. Life Sci. 2015, 3(2), 85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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    AMA Style

    Alpana Khatun, Md Masud Rana, Md Rafiqul Islam Khan, Mir Imam Ibne Wahed, Md. Anwar Habib, et al. Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management. Am J Life Sci. 2015;3(2):85-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15,
      author = {Alpana Khatun and Md Masud Rana and Md Rafiqul Islam Khan and Mir Imam Ibne Wahed and Md. Anwar Habib and Md. Nazim Uddin and Zakia Sultana Sathi and A. R. M. Ruhul Amin and Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman},
      title = {Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {85-92},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20150302.15},
      abstract = {The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Molecular Mechanism of Formalin-Induced Toxicity and Its Management
    AU  - Alpana Khatun
    AU  - Md Masud Rana
    AU  - Md Rafiqul Islam Khan
    AU  - Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
    AU  - Md. Anwar Habib
    AU  - Md. Nazim Uddin
    AU  - Zakia Sultana Sathi
    AU  - A. R. M. Ruhul Amin
    AU  - Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman
    Y1  - 2015/03/03
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
    T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    SP  - 85
    EP  - 92
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150302.15
    AB  - The use of formalin (40% formaldehyde) for the preservation of food in an illegal way becoming a serious health issue in developing countries including Bangladesh. We investigated the Formalin (FA)-induced organ toxicity in Swiss albino mice. FA induction caused the significant elevation of the liver enzyme, SGOT and SGPT; the MDA levels in the liver and brain. Among the fractions of methanol extract of L. globosus, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction significantly reduced the elevated biochemical parameters (FA vs FA + EA fraction, μKa/L); SGOT (78.4 ± 0.3 vs 14.3 ± 0.9), SGPT (100.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA in liver (10.9 ± 0.2 vs 5.6 ± 0.1) and MDA in brain (16.9 ± 0.2 vs 6.3 ± 0.2). Morphological analyses also supported the beneficial effect of EA fraction in FA-induced liver toxicity. FA induction caused the phosphorylation of JNK, member of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both the liver and brain, which were completely abolished by the treatment of EA fraction of L. globosus. Chemical analyses showed that the EA fraction exhibited antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The protective effect of the EA fraction on the FA-induced toxicity by the modulation of oxidative inflammatory pathway by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi-6000, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi-6000, Bangladesh

  • Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

  • Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA

  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

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